INTRODUCTION
The Oscars are widely considered to be the most prestigious awards in cinema. Among the solo awards, the 3 biggest ones the best actor, best actress and best director awards. This page looks at the origins of the winners of these solo awards.
Charts
1. Place of Birth of Major Solo Oscar Winners
2. Place of Birth of Non-US Born Best Director Winners
3. Religious Background of Major Solo Oscar Winners
Data Table
4. Best Actor, Actress and Director Winners by Town/City, State, Country and World Region of Birth and Racial/Ethnic Group
American and British actors, actresses and directors are the most successful at the Oscars. This is to be expected since the Oscars are an American award given almost exclusively to English language films. The success of British people at the Oscars in nonetheless notable and is a reflection of the strong theatrical culture of the UK. Two of the most recognized British actors by the Oscars, Daniel Day Lewis and Laurence Olivier, come from theatrical backgrounds. When looking at gender, it's notable that nearly twice as many British actors have won the top acting award than British actresses. This is compensated for by the fact that far more best actress winners, 24%, have been born outside of the USA and UK than best actor winners, 10%. This includes twice winner Ingrid Bergman who was born in Sweden. A reason for this could be that actresses are traditionally more valued for having mainland European accents compared to actors.
Non-American directors are more represented than non-American actors although the largest proportion of directors, 54%, were born in the USA. Notable is Austria-Hungary which has the 3rd highest number of best director winners after the USA and the UK. Many of the early directors in Hollywood were Jews born in Europe such as Billy Wilder and William Wyler. In 4th place is Mexico. The rise of Mexican directors is a very recent phenomenon and Mexican directors, such as Alejandro Gonzalez Innaritu, have dominated the best director award in recent years.
Among US born Oscar winners, a relatively small proportion of US born best actors and best directors were born in the south. On the other hand, a much larger percentage of US born best actresses were born in the south including 6 time nominee Sissy Spacek. The Northeast region is the dominant region for producing American born talent and has the most winners for actors, actresses and directors. A big reason for this is New York City with it's strong theatrical tradition. Robert Deniro and Al Pacino both from New York. The American born director with the most best director nominations is also New Yorker Martin Scorcese with 9 nominations. The most successful director of all time at the Oscars is John Ford from Maine who won best director 4 times. The Midwest region has produced notably more best director winners than best actor or actress winners, most famously Steven Spielberg.
Far more Oscar winning directors have been born in Europe than Asia, Africa and Latin America combined. This reflects the historic immigration patterns to the USA and the closer cultural proximity of western Europe, particularly the UK, with the USA. The number of European born directors is also in large part due to the Jewish immigrant origin of Hollywood. Of the European born directors to win Best Director, nearly all have been British or Jewish. The exception is the Italian director Frank Capra who won 3 times. Other regions, such as Asia and Latin America, have in recent years seen more representation and success including Taiwanese director Ang Lee who won the best director award twice and was the first non-white person to win the award. As the global film industry becomes more integrated, it's likely that these regions will produce more Oscar winners.
Katherine Hepburn has won the best actress Oscar 4 times, the most of any actress.
Actors, actresses and directors of Jewish backgrounds are over-represented among Oscar winners in the main categories. This is particularly true for directors where 30% are Jewish and 4% are half-Jewish. Jews make up around 2% of the US population. The relatively high prevalence of Jews among Oscar winners reflects the relatively high prevalence of Jews among actors, actresses and directors in Hollywood.
Jews are far more prevalent among executives, producers and directors than among actors and actresses. The latter reflects the demographics of the USA and the wider western world while the former reflects the Jewish origin of much of the motion picture business. Most of the major film studios in Hollywood such as MGM, Fox, Warner Bros etc were started by Jewish immigrants from central and eastern Europe. It's also noteworthy that the ratio of actors of mixed Jewish/Christian backgrounds to Jewish only backgrounds is higher than in the general population. Daniel Day Lewis, Paul Newman and Sean Penn are examples of these.
4. Best Actor, Actress and Director Winners by Town/City, State, Country and World Region of Birth and Racial/Ethnic Group
Year | Name | Award | Town/City of birth | US State or Country of birth | Racial/Ethnic Group |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1927-28 | Emil Jannings | Best Actor | Rorschach | Switzerland | White/European |
Janet Gaynor | Best Actress | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | White/European | |
Frank Borzage | Best Director, Dramatic | Salt Lake City | Utah | White/European | |
Lewis Milestone | Best Director, Comedy | Chisinau | Russian Empire | White/European | |
1928-29 | Warner Baxter | Best Actor | Columbus | Ohio | White/European |
Mary Pickford | Best Actress | Toronto | Canada | White/European | |
Frank Lloyd | Best Director | Glasgow | UK | White/European | |
1929-30 | George Arliss
| Best Actor | London | UK | White/European |
Norma Shearer | Best Actress | Montreal | Canada | White/European | |
Lewis Milestone | Best Director | Chisinau | Russian Empire | White/European | |
1930-31 | Lionel Barrymore
| Best Actor | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | White/European |
Marie Dressler (Min and Bill) | Best Actress | Coburg | Canada | White/European | |
Norman Taurog | Best Director | Chicago | Illinois | White/European | |
1931-32 | Fredric March | Best Actor | Racine | Wisconsin | White/European |
Wallace Beery | Best Actor | Clay County | Missouri | White/European | |
Helen Hayes | Best Actress | Washington | DC | White/European | |
Frank Borzage | Best Director | Salt Lake City | Utah | White/European | |
1932-33 | Charles Laughton
| Best Actor | Scarborough | UK | White/European |
Katharine Hepburn | Best Actress | Hartford | Connecticut | White/European | |
Frank Lloyd | Best Director | Glasgow | UK | White/European | |
1934 | Clark Gable | Best Actor | Cadiz | Ohio | White/European |
Claudette Colbert | Best Actress | Saint-Mande | France | White/European | |
Frank Capra | Best Director | Bisacquino | Italy | White/European | |
1935 | Victor McLaglen
| Best Actor | Stepney | UK | White/European |
Bette Davis | Best Actress | Lowell | Massachusetts | White/European | |
John Ford | Best Director | Cape Elizabeth | Maine | White/European | |
1936 | Paul Muni | Best Actor | Lemberg | Austria-Hungary | White/European |
Luise Rainer | Best Actress | Dusseldorf | German Empire | White/European | |
Frank Capra | Best Director | Bisacquino | Italy | White/European | |
1937 | Spencer Tracy | Best Actor | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | White/European |
Luise Rainer | Best Actress | Dusseldorf | German Empire | White/European | |
Leo McCarey | Best Director | Los Angeles | California | White/European | |
1938 | Spencer Tracy | Best Actor | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | White/European |
Bette Davis | Best Actress | Lowell | Massachusetts | White/European | |
Frank Capra | Best Director | Bisacquino | Italy | White/European | |
1939 | Robert Donat
Goodbye, Mr. Chips | Best Actor | Withington | UK | White/European |
Vivien Leigh
Gone With the Wind | Best Actress | Darjeeling | British India | White/European | |
Victor Fleming | Best Director | La Ca�ada Flintridge | California | White/European | |
1940 | James Stewart
The Philadelphia Story | Best Actor | Indiana | Pennsylvania | White/European |
Ginger Rogers
Kitty Foyle | Best Actress | Independence | Missouri | White/European | |
John Ford | Best Director | Cape Elizabeth | Maine | White/European | |
1941 | Gary Cooper
Sergeant York | Best Actor | Helena | Montana | White/European |
Joan Fontaine
Suspicion | Best Actress | Tokyo | Japan | White/European | |
John Ford | Best Director | Cape Elizabeth | Maine | White/European | |
1942 | James Cagney | Best Actor | New York City | New York | White/European |
Greer Garson | Best Actress | Manor Park, East Ham | UK | White/European | |
William Wyler | Best Director | Mulhausen | German Empire | White/European | |
1943 | Paul Lukas | Best Actor | Budapest | Austria-Hungary | White/European |
Jennifer Jones | Best Actress | Tulsa | Oklahoma | White/European | |
Michael Curtiz | Best Director | Budapest | Austria-Hungary | White/European | |
1944 | Bing Crosby | Best Actor | Tacoma | Washington | White/European |
Ingrid Bergman | Best Actress | Stockholm | Sweden | White/European | |
Leo McCarey | Best Director | Los Angeles | California | White/European | |
1945 | Ray Milland | Best Actor | Neath | UK | White/European |
Joan Crawford | Best Actress | San Antonio | Texas | White/European | |
Billy Wilder | Best Director | Sucha Beskidzka | Austria-Hungary | White/European | |
1946 | Fredric March | Best Actor | Racine | Wisconsin | White/European |
Olivia de Havilland | Best Actress | Tokyo | Japan | White/European | |
William Wyler | Best Director | Mulhausen | German Empire | White/European | |
1947 | Ronald Colman | Best Actor | Richmond | UK | White/European |
Loretta Young | Best Actress | Salt Lake City | Utah | White/European | |
Elia Kazan | Best Director | Constantinople | Ottoman Empire | White/European | |
1948 | Laurence Olivier | Best Actor | Dorking | UK | White/European |
Jane Wyman | Best Actress | Saint Joseph | Missouri | White/European | |
John Huston | Best Director | Nevada | Missouri | White/European | |
1949 | Broderick Crawford | Best Actor | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | White/European |
Olivia de Havilland | Best Actress | Tokyo | Japan | White/European | |
Joseph Mankiewicz | Best Director | Wilkes-Barre | Pennsylvania | White/European | |
1950 | Jose Ferrer | Best Actor | San Juan | Puerto Rico | White/European |
Judy Holliday | Best Actress | New York City | New York | White/European | |
Joseph Mankiewicz | Best Director | Wilkes-Barre | Pennsylvania | White/European | |
1951 | Humphrey Bogart | Best Actor | New York City | New York | White/European |
Vivien Leigh | Best Actress | Darjeeling | British India | White/European | |
George Stevens | Best Director | Oakland | California | White/European | |
1952 | Gary Cooper | Best Actor | Helena | Montana | White/European |
Shirley Booth | Best Actress | Brooklyn, New York City | New York | White/European | |
John Ford | Best Director | Cape Elizabeth | Maine | White/European | |
1953 | William Holden | Best Actor | O'Fallon | Illinois | White/European |
Audrey Hepburn | Best Actress | Brussels | Belgium | White/European | |
Fred Zinnemann | Best Director | Rzesz�w | Austria-Hungary | White/European | |
1954 | Marlon Brando | Best Actor | Omaha | Nebraska | White/European |
Grace Kelly | Best Actress | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | White/European | |
Elia Kazan | Best Director | Constantinople | Ottoman Empire | White/European | |
1955 | Ernest Borgnine | Best Actor | Hamden | Connecticut | White/European |
Anna Magnani | Best Actress | Rome | Kingdom of Italy | White/European | |
Delbert Mann | Best Director | Lawrence | Kansas | White/European | |
1956 | Yul Brynner | Best Actor | Vladivostok | Far Eastern Republic | White/European |
Ingrid Bergman | Best Actress | Stockholm | Sweden | White/European | |
George Stevens | Best Director | Oakland | California | White/European | |
1957 | Alec Guinness | Best Actor | Maida Vale, London | UK | White/European |
Joanne Woodward | Best Actress | Thomasville | Georgia | White/European | |
David Lean | Best Director | Croydon | UK | White/European | |
1958 | David Niven | Best Actor | Belgravia, London | UK | White/European |
Susan Hayward | Best Actress | New York City | New York | White/European | |
Vincente Minnelli | Best Director | Chicago | Illinois | White/European | |
1959 | Charlton Heston | Best Actor | Wilmette | Illinois | White/European |
Simone Signoret | Best Actress | Wiesbaden | Germany | White/European | |
William Wyler | Best Director | Mulhausen | German Empire | White/European | |
1960 | Burt Lancaster | Best Actor | Manhattan, New York | New York | White/European |
Elizabeth Taylor | Best Actress | London | UK | White/European | |
Billy Wilder | Best Director | Sucha Beskidzka | Austria-Hungary | White/European | |
1961 | Maximillian Schell | Best Actor | Vienna | Austria | White/European |
Sophia Loren | Best Actress | Rome | Italy | White/European | |
Jerome Robbins | Best Director | New York City | New York | White/European | |
Robert Wise | Best Director | Winchester | Indiana | White/European | |
1962 | Gregory Peck | Best Actor | San Diego | California | White/European |
Anne Bancroft | Best Actress | New York City | New York | White/European | |
David Lean | Best Director | Croydon | UK | White/European | |
1963 | Sidney Poitier | Best Actor | Miami | Florida | Black/African |
Patricia Neal | Best Actress | Packard | Kentucky | White/European | |
Tony Richardson | Best Director | Shipley | UK | White/European | |
1964 | Rex Harrison | Best Actor | Huyton | UK | White/European |
Julie Andrews | Best Actress | Walton-on-Thames | UK | White/European | |
George Cukor | Best Director | New York City | New York | White/European | |
1965 | Lee Marvin | Best Actor | New York City | New York | White/European |
Julie Christie | Best Actress | Chabua | British India | White/European | |
Robert Wise | Best Director | Winchester | Indiana | White/European | |
1966 | Paul Scofield | Best Actor | Birmingham | UK | White/European |
Elizabeth Taylor | Best Actress | London | UK | White/European | |
Fred Zinnemann | Best Director | Rzesz�w | Austria-Hungary | White/European | |
1967 | Rod Steiger | Best Actor | Westhampton | New York | White/European |
Katharine Hepburn | Best Actress | Hartford | Connecticut | White/European | |
Mike Nichols | Best Director | Berlin | Germany | White/European | |
1968 | Cliff Robertson | Best Actor | La Jolla | California | White/European |
Katharine Hepburn | Best Actress | Hartford | Connecticut | White/European | |
Barbra Streisand | Best Actress | New York City | New York | White/European | |
Carol Reed | Best Director | London | UK | White/European | |
1969 | John Wayne | Best Actor | Winterset | Iowa | White/European |
Maggie Smith | Best Actress | London | UK | White/European | |
John Schlesinger | Best Director | London | UK | White/European | |
1970 | George C. Scott | Best Actor | Wise | Virginia | White/European |
Glenda Jackson | Best Actress | Birkenhead | UK | White/European | |
Franklin Schaffner | Best Director | Tokyo | Japan | White/European | |
1971 | Gene Hackman
The French Connection | Best Actor | San Bernardino | California | White/European |
Jane Fonda
Klute | Best Actress | New York City | New York | White/European | |
William Friedkin | Best Director | Chicago | Illinois | White/European | |
1972 | Marlon Brando | Best Actor | Omaha | Nebraska | White/European |
Liza Minnelli | Best Actress | Hollywood | California | White/European | |
Bob Fosse | Best Director | Chicago | Illinois | White/European | |
1973 | Jack Lemmon | Best Actor | Newton | Massachusetts | White/European |
Glenda Jackson | Best Actress | Birkenhead | UK | White/European | |
George Roy Hill | Best Director | Minneapolis | Minnesota | White/European | |
1974 | Art Carney | Best Actor | Mount Vernon | New York | White/European |
Ellen Burstyn | Best Actress | Detroit | Michigan | White/European | |
Francis Ford Coppola | Best Director | Detroit | Michigan | White/European | |
1975 | Jack Nicholson | Best Actor | Neptune City | New Jersey | White/European |
Louise Fletcher | Best Actress | Birmingham | Alabama | White/European | |
Milos Forman | Best Director | ?�slav | Czechoslovakia | White/European | |
1976 | Peter Finch | Best Actor | London | UK | White/European |
Faye Dunaway | Best Actress | Bascom | Flordia | White/European | |
John Avildsen | Best Director | Oak Park | Illinois | White/European | |